vô luận
Definition
- Conjunction:
- Regardless of; irrespective of: Used to introduce a clause that states a condition which does not affect the main statement. It emphasizes that the main point holds true in all cases.
- No matter (who/what/when/where/how): Used to introduce a concessive clause, indicating that the following circumstance is not relevant to the outcome.
Usage Examples
- Conjunction:
- Vô luận trời mưa hay nắng, chúng tôi vẫn sẽ đi. (Regardless of whether it rains or shines, we will still go.)
- Vô luận anh nói gì, tôi cũng không tin. (No matter what you say, I will not believe it.)
- Công ty chào đón tất cả mọi người, vô luận tuổi tác. (The company welcomes everyone, irrespective of age.)
Advanced Usage
- "vô luận" in formal or written contexts: This term is often used in more formal, literary, or written Vietnamese to express a universal condition. In everyday spoken language, "bất kể" or "dù" are more common.
- Vô luận hoàn cảnh khó khăn thế nào, chúng ta phải giữ vững tinh thần. (No matter how difficult the circumstances, we must keep our spirits up.)
Variants and Related Words
Bất kể (conjunction): Regardless of, no matter. A more common synonym in spoken language.
- Bất kể chuyện gì xảy ra, hãy gọi cho tôi. (No matter what happens, call me.)
Dù (conjunction): Although, even if. Often used in similar concessive structures.
- Dù có đắt đến mấy, tôi vẫn sẽ mua. (No matter how expensive it is, I will still buy it.)
Synonyms
- Regardless of: Without regard or consideration for.
- Irrespective of: Not taking (something) into account.
- No matter (who/what/etc.): Used to say that something is true or happens in all possible circumstances.
Related Phrases and Patterns
Vô luận... hay...: A common structure meaning "whether... or...".
- Vô luận thành công hay thất bại, anh ấy đều chấp nhận. (Whether success or failure, he accepts it all.)
Vô luận thế nào: Meaning "no matter how" or "in any case".
- Vô luận thế nào, công việc phải được hoàn thành. (In any case, the work must be completed.)